{"id":175406,"date":"2022-07-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-04T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/invloed-van-vitamine-d-supplementen-op-mortaliteit\/"},"modified":"2026-04-02T19:09:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T17:09:21","slug":"invloed-van-vitamine-d-supplementen-op-mortaliteit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/invloed-van-vitamine-d-supplementen-op-mortaliteit\/","title":{"rendered":"Invloed van vitamine D supplementen op mortaliteit"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Kernboodschap<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>De D-Health trial is een grootschalige RCT die toont dat preventieve inname van vitamine D supplementen in hoge maandelijkse dosering bij een populatie van 60-plussers&#x002C; geen effect heeft op de totale mortaliteit.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Waarom is deze studie belangrijk?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Vanuit de basiswetenschappen werden heel veel (protectieve) effecten van vitamine D vastgesteld. In verschillende observationele studies worden hogere vitamine D spiegels geassocieerd met protectieve effecten op cardiovasculair vlak&#x002C; kanker en globale overleving. Deze studies zijn&nbsp; gevoelig voor fouten en vormen zeker nog geen bewijs dat extra vitamine D gunstig is<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:'Calibri'&#x002C;sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:NL-BE;mso-fareast-language:NL-BE;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'><\/span> ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {&quot;citationID&quot;:&quot;QwMt2XCS&quot;&#x002C;&quot;properties&quot;:{&quot;formattedCitation&quot;:&quot;\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\super 1&#x002C;2\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\osupersub{}&quot;&#x002C;&quot;plainCitation&quot;:&quot;1&#x002C;2&quot;&#x002C;&quot;noteIndex&quot;:0}&#x002C;&quot;citationItems&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:142&#x002C;&quot;uris&quot;:[&quot;https:\/\/zotero.org\/users\/local\/DTrOoUEd\/items\/QFGAX6KG&quot;]&#x002C;&quot;itemData&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:142&#x002C;&quot;type&quot;:&quot;article-journal&quot;&#x002C;&quot;abstract&quot;:&quot;Epidemiological studies indicate that vitamin D insufficiency could have an aetiological role in various human cancers. Preclinical research indicates that the active metabolite of vitamin D&#x002C; 1alpha&#x002C;25(OH)2D3&#x002C; also known as calcitriol&#x002C; or vitamin D analogues might have potential as anticancer agents \u2026&quot;&#x002C;&quot;container-title&quot;:&quot;Nature reviews. Cancer&quot;&#x002C;&quot;DOI&quot;:&quot;10.1038\/nrc2196&quot;&#x002C;&quot;ISSN&quot;:&quot;1474-175X&quot;&#x002C;&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;9&quot;&#x002C;&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;&#x002C;&quot;note&quot;:&quot;publisher: Nat Rev Cancer\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\PMID: 17721433&quot;&#x002C;&quot;source&quot;:&quot;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&quot;&#x002C;&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Vitamin D signalling pathways in cancer: potential for anticancer therapeutics&quot;&#x002C;&quot;title-short&quot;:&quot;Vitamin D signalling pathways in cancer&quot;&#x002C;&quot;URL&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17721433\/&quot;&#x002C;&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;7&quot;&#x002C;&quot;author&quot;:[{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Kristin K&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Deeb&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Donald L.&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Trump&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Candace S&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Johnson&quot;}]&#x002C;&quot;accessed&quot;:{&quot;date-parts&quot;:[[&quot;2022&quot;&#x002C;1&#x002C;27]]}&#x002C;&quot;issued&quot;:{&quot;date-parts&quot;:[[&quot;2007&quot;&#x002C;9]]}}}&#x002C;{&quot;id&quot;:117&#x002C;&quot;uris&quot;:[&quot;https:\/\/zotero.org\/users\/local\/DTrOoUEd\/items\/TILBFEC3&quot;]&#x002C;&quot;itemData&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:117&#x002C;&quot;type&quot;:&quot;article-journal&quot;&#x002C;&quot;abstract&quot;:&quot;Background The effect of supplementing unscreened adults with vitamin D3 on mortality is unclear. We aimed to determine whether monthly doses of vitamin D3 influenced mortality in older Australians.&quot;&#x002C;&quot;container-title&quot;:&quot;The Lancet Diabetes &amp; Endocrinology&quot;&#x002C;&quot;DOI&quot;:&quot;10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00345-4&quot;&#x002C;&quot;ISSN&quot;:&quot;22138587&quot;&#x002C;&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;2&quot;&#x002C;&quot;journalAbbreviation&quot;:&quot;The Lancet Diabetes &amp; Endocrinology&quot;&#x002C;&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;&#x002C;&quot;page&quot;:&quot;120-128&quot;&#x002C;&quot;source&quot;:&quot;DOI.org (Crossref)&quot;&#x002C;&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The D-Health Trial: a randomised controlled trial of the effect of vitamin D on mortality&quot;&#x002C;&quot;title-short&quot;:&quot;The D-Health Trial&quot;&#x002C;&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;10&quot;&#x002C;&quot;author&quot;:[{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Neale&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Rachel E&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Baxter&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Catherine&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Romero&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Briony Duarte&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;McLeod&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Donald S A&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;English&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Dallas R&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Armstrong&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Bruce K&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Ebeling&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Peter R&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Hartel&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Gunter&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Kimlin&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Michael G&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;O'Connell&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Rachel&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Pols&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Jolieke C&quot;&#x002C;&quot;non-dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;van der&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Venn&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Alison J&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Webb&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Penelope M&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Whiteman&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;David C&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Waterhouse&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Mary&quot;}]&#x002C;&quot;issued&quot;:{&quot;date-parts&quot;:[[&quot;2022&quot;&#x002C;2]]}}}]&#x002C;&quot;schema&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/github.com\/citation-style-language\/schema\/raw\/master\/csl-citation.json&quot;} <span style='mso-element:field-separator'><\/span><\/span><![endif]--><span class='folia-referentie-nummer'><sup>1&#x002C;2<\/sup><\/span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt; font-family:'Calibri'&#x002C;sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:NL-BE;mso-fareast-language: NL-BE;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-end'><\/span><\/span><![endif]-->.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Voorafgaand aan de D-Health trial was er de VITAL-studie<!--[if supportFields]><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:'Calibri'&#x002C;sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:NL-BE;mso-fareast-language:NL-BE;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'><\/span> ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {&quot;citationID&quot;:&quot;WCXbh0hX&quot;&#x002C;&quot;properties&quot;:{&quot;formattedCitation&quot;:&quot;\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\super 3\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\osupersub{}&quot;&#x002C;&quot;plainCitation&quot;:&quot;3&quot;&#x002C;&quot;noteIndex&quot;:0}&#x002C;&quot;citationItems&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:418&#x002C;&quot;uris&quot;:[&quot;https:\/\/zotero.org\/users\/local\/DTrOoUEd\/items\/PXWRVSTH&quot;]&#x002C;&quot;itemData&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:418&#x002C;&quot;type&quot;:&quot;article-journal&quot;&#x002C;&quot;abstract&quot;:&quot;Vitamin D and Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease This article reports the vitamin D portion of a randomized&#x002C; two-by-two factorial trial of n\u22123 fatty acids and vitamin D in the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Vitamin D did not result in a lower incidence of invasive cancer or cardiovascular events than placebo.&quot;&#x002C;&quot;container-title&quot;:&quot;New England Journal of Medicine&quot;&#x002C;&quot;DOI&quot;:&quot;10.1056\/NEJMoa1809944&quot;&#x002C;&quot;ISSN&quot;:&quot;0028-4793&quot;&#x002C;&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;1&quot;&#x002C;&quot;note&quot;:&quot;publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\_eprint: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1809944\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\PMID: 30415629&quot;&#x002C;&quot;page&quot;:&quot;33-44&quot;&#x002C;&quot;source&quot;:&quot;Taylor and Francis+NEJM&quot;&#x002C;&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease&quot;&#x002C;&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;380&quot;&#x002C;&quot;author&quot;:[{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Manson&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;JoAnn E.&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Cook&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Nancy R.&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Lee&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;I-Min&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Christen&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;William&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Bassuk&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Shari S.&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Mora&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Samia&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Gibson&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Heike&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Gordon&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;David&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Copeland&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Trisha&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;D\u2019Agostino&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Denise&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Friedenberg&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Georgina&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Ridge&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Claire&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Bubes&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Vadim&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Giovannucci&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Edward L.&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Willett&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Walter C.&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Buring&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Julie E.&quot;}]&#x002C;&quot;issued&quot;:{&quot;date-parts&quot;:[[&quot;2019&quot;&#x002C;1&#x002C;3]]}}}]&#x002C;&quot;schema&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/github.com\/citation-style-language\/schema\/raw\/master\/csl-citation.json&quot;} <span style='mso-element:field-separator'><\/span><\/span><\/sup><![endif]--><span class='folia-referentie-nummer'><sup>3<\/sup><\/span><!--[if supportFields]><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:'Calibri'&#x002C;sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:NL-BE;mso-fareast-language:NL-BE;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-end'><\/span><\/span><\/sup><![endif]-->&#x002C; een grootschalige RCT uit 2020&#x002C; die geen effect kon aantonen van een hoge dagelijkse dosis van vitamine D (2 000 IU per dag) op de incidentie van cardiovasculaire aandoeningen en op invasieve kanker; ook op de totale mortaliteit werd geen invloed gezien (zie meer info).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Bijkomend vond een meta-analyse van RCT&rsquo;s&nbsp; die de effecten van vitamine D supplementen op mortaliteit onderzocht geen effect op totale mortaliteit bij inname van vitamine D supplementen maar wel op de mortaliteit ten gevolge van kanker (zie meer info).<\/p>\n<div class='detailed-content'>\n<ul>\n<li>De VITamin D and OmegA-3 Trial (VITAL) was een RCT die een dagelijkse dosering met vitamine<br \/> D3 (2 000 IE) en omega-3 vetzuren (1 gr)&#x002C; onderzocht op vlak van primaire preventie van invasieve kanker en cardiovasculaire aandoeningen gedurende een follow-up van 5 jaar. Er waren 25 871 deelnemers&#x002C; waarvan ongeveer 20 procent Afro-Amerikanen. De studie vond geen reductie in totale incidentie van invasieve kanker (relatief risico 0&#x002C;96; 95%-BI van 0&#x002C;88 tot 1&#x002C;06)&#x002C; incidentie van cardiovasculaire voorvallen (relatief risico 0&#x002C;97; 95%-BI van 0&#x002C;85 tot 1&#x002C;12) of totale mortaliteit (secundair eindpunt; relatief risico 0&#x002C;99; 95%-BI van 0&#x002C;87 tot 1&#x002C;12).<\/li>\n<li>De meta-analyse van Zhang et al.<!--[if supportFields]><sup><span style='font-size:11.0pt; font-family:'Calibri'&#x002C;sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-ansi-language: NL-BE;mso-fareast-language:NL-BE;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'><\/span> ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {&quot;citationID&quot;:&quot;h13fbTbj&quot;&#x002C;&quot;properties&quot;:{&quot;formattedCitation&quot;:&quot;\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\super 4\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\osupersub{}&quot;&#x002C;&quot;plainCitation&quot;:&quot;4&quot;&#x002C;&quot;noteIndex&quot;:0}&#x002C;&quot;citationItems&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:138&#x002C;&quot;uris&quot;:[&quot;https:\/\/zotero.org\/users\/local\/DTrOoUEd\/items\/L4ASZYAX&quot;]&#x002C;&quot;itemData&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:138&#x002C;&quot;type&quot;:&quot;article-journal&quot;&#x002C;&quot;abstract&quot;:&quot;&lt;h3&gt;Abstract&lt;\/h3&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;\/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;To investigate whether vitamin D supplementation is associated with lower mortality in adults.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Design&lt;\/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Data sources&lt;\/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Medline&#x002C; Embase&#x002C; and the Cochrane Central Register from their inception to 26 December 2018.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Eligibility criteria for selecting studies&lt;\/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Randomised controlled trials comparing vitamin D supplementation with a placebo or no treatment for mortality were included. Independent data extraction was conducted and study quality assessed. A meta-analysis was carried out by using fixed effects and random effects models to calculate risk ratio of death in the group receiving vitamin D supplementation and the control group.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Main outcome measures&lt;\/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;All cause mortality.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;\/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;50 trials with a total of 74 655 participants were identified. Vitamin D supplementation was not associated with all cause mortality (risk ratio 0.98&#x002C; 95% confidence interval 0.95 to 1.02&#x002C; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt;=0%)&#x002C; cardiovascular mortality (0.98&#x002C; 0.88 to 1.08&#x002C; 0%)&#x002C; or non-cancer&#x002C; non-cardiovascular mortality (1.05&#x002C; 0.93 to 1.18&#x002C; 0%). Vitamin D supplementation statistically significantly reduced the risk of cancer death (0.85&#x002C; 0.74 to 0.97&#x002C; 0%). In subgroup analyses&#x002C; all cause mortality was significantly lower in trials with vitamin D&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; supplementation than in trials with vitamin D&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; supplementation (P for interaction=0.04); neither vitamin D&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; nor vitamin D&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; was associated with a statistically significant reduction in all cause mortality.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;\/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Vitamin D supplementation alone was not associated with all cause mortality in adults compared with placebo or no treatment. Vitamin D supplementation reduced the risk of cancer death by 15%. Additional large clinical studies are needed to determine whether vitamin D&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; supplementation is associated with lower all cause mortality.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Study registration&lt;\/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;PROSPERO registration number CRD42018117823.&lt;\/p&gt;&quot;&#x002C;&quot;container-title&quot;:&quot;BMJ&quot;&#x002C;&quot;DOI&quot;:&quot;10.1136\/bmj.l4673&quot;&#x002C;&quot;ISSN&quot;:&quot;1756-1833&quot;&#x002C;&quot;journalAbbreviation&quot;:&quot;BMJ&quot;&#x002C;&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;&#x002C;&quot;note&quot;:&quot;publisher: British Medical Journal Publishing Group\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\section: Research\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\PMID: 31405892&quot;&#x002C;&quot;source&quot;:&quot;www.bmj.com&quot;&#x002C;&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Association between vitamin D supplementation and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis&quot;&#x002C;&quot;title-short&quot;:&quot;Association between vitamin D supplementation and mortality&quot;&#x002C;&quot;URL&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/366\/bmj.l4673&quot;&#x002C;&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;366&quot;&#x002C;&quot;author&quot;:[{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Zhang&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Yu&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Fang&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Fang&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Tang&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Jingjing&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Jia&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Lu&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Feng&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Yuning&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Xu&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Ping&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Faramand&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Andrew&quot;}]&#x002C;&quot;accessed&quot;:{&quot;date-parts&quot;:[[&quot;2022&quot;&#x002C;1&#x002C;27]]}&#x002C;&quot;issued&quot;:{&quot;date-parts&quot;:[[&quot;2019&quot;&#x002C;8&#x002C;12]]}}}]&#x002C;&quot;schema&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/github.com\/citation-style-language\/schema\/raw\/master\/csl-citation.json&quot;} <span style='mso-element:field-separator'><\/span><\/span><\/sup><![endif]--><span class='folia-referentie-nummer'><sup>4<\/sup><\/span><!--[if supportFields]><sup><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:'Calibri'&#x002C;sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;mso-ansi-language:NL-BE;mso-fareast-language:NL-BE;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-end'><\/span><\/span><\/sup><![endif]--> waarbij 50 RCT&rsquo;s met een totaal aan 74 655 deelnemers en een mediane follow-up van &eacute;&eacute;n jaar werden ge&iuml;ncludeerd&#x002C; vond bij profylaxe met vitamine D supplementen geen reductie in totale mortaliteit (relatief risico 0&#x002C;98; 95%-BI van 0&#x002C;95 tot 1&#x002C;02)&#x002C; cardiovasculaire mortaliteit (relatief risico 0&#x002C;98; 95%-BI van 0&#x002C;88 tot 1&#x002C;08) of mortaliteit ten gevolge van andere oorzaken dan kanker en hart-en vaataandoeningen (relatief risico 1&#x002C;05; 95%-BI van 0&#x002C;93 tot 1&#x002C;18). Er werd wel een effect waargenomen op kankermortaliteit (relatief risico 0&#x002C;85; 95%-BI van 0&#x002C;74 tot 0&#x002C;97).<\/li>\n<li>De kritische noten die meegegeven moeten worden bij de bespreking van deze meta-analyse is dat het vaak gaat om kortdurende studies met kleine onderzochte populaties waarbij er verschillende leeftijdscategorie&euml;n&#x002C; verschillende etnische groepen en verschillende doseringsschema&rsquo;s onderzocht worden. Dit maakt het onmogelijk om een causale relatie tussen bepaalde doseringen en gezondheidsuitkomsten te verkrijgen.<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Er bleef dus nood aan grootschalige en\/of langdurige RCT&rsquo;s die het effect op totale mortaliteit en kankerrisico bestudeerden.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2> Opzet van de studie<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>De D-health trial is een grootschalige gerandomiseerde dubbelblinde placebogecontroleerde studie van 5 jaar waarbij de behandelgroep maandelijks 60 000 IU vitamine D3 kreeg&#x002C; wat &nbsp;overeenkomt met een dagelijkse dosering van 2 000 IU. De inclusiecriteria waren een leeftijd tussen 60-84 jaar&#x002C; het niet dagelijks bijnemen van meer dan 500 IU vitamine D en geen zelf-gerapporteerde voorgeschiedenis van nierstenen&#x002C; hypercalci&euml;mie&#x002C; hyperparathyro&iuml;die&#x002C; osteomalacie of sarco&iuml;dose.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Alle deelnemers in de behandelgroep ontvingen twaalf capsules van 60 000 IU vitamine D per jaar. Therapietrouw werd nagegaan via vragenlijsten.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Het primaire eindpunt was totale mortaliteit. Secundaire eindpunten waren totale incidentie van kanker&#x002C;incidentie aan colorectale kanker&#x002C; cardiovasculaire en kankermortaliteit.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2> Resultaten in het kort<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>In totaal werden 21 310 deelnemers in beide groepen ge&iuml;ncludeerd. 54&#x002C;1% van deze deelnemers waren van het mannelijk geslacht en de gemiddelde leeftijd was 69&#x002C;3 jaar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>De vitamine D serum concentratie werd niet aan het begin van de studie gemeten.&nbsp; De gemiddelde serum 25(OH)vitamine D-concentratie werd jaarlijks gemeten gedurende de studieperiode van<br \/> 5 jaar. Deze bedroeg gemiddeld in de placebogroep 77 nmol\/L en in de vitamine D groep<br \/> 115 nmol\/L.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>De therapietrouw was in deze studie hoog: 84&#x002C;5 procent van de deelnemers in de behandelgroep en 82&#x002C;5 procent van de deelnemers in de placebogroep namen minstens 80% van de medicatie in gedurende de volledige behandeltermijn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Na een mediane follow-up van 5&#x002C;7 jaar werden 1 100 sterfgevallen geregistreerd&#x002C; 5&#x002C;1% in de placebo groep en 5&#x002C;3% in de vitamine D groep.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Er was geen significant verschil in totale mortaliteit&#x002C; cardiovasculaire mortaliteit of kankermortaliteit&nbsp; (respectievelijk&nbsp; bij behandeling met vitamine D3 versus placebo<br \/> HR 1&#x002C;04 (95%-BI&nbsp;van 0&#x002C;93 tot 1&#x002C;18)&#x002C; 0&#x002C;96 (0&#x002C;72 -1&#x002C;28) en 1&#x002C;15 (0&#x002C;96- 1&#x002C;39)).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2> Commentaar van het BCFI<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>De dosis&#x002C; 60 000 IU per maand&#x002C; die in de studie gebruikt werd&#x002C; was een hoge dosering. Omgerekend naar een dagelijkse dosering&#x002C; was dit 2 000 IU per dag. Deze dosis was gekozen omdat men hiermee in de pilootfase de beoogde mediane serumspiegel van 75 nmol\/L 25(OH)D haalde. In het repertorium wordt een dagelijkse dosering van 800 IU of een maandelijkse dosering van 25 000 IU aanbevolen ter preventie van vitamine D defici&euml;ntie.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>In deze studie werd een maandelijkse dosering van vitamine D gebruikt. Een recente (industriegebonden) review<!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:'Calibri'&#x002C;sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;color:black;mso-ansi-language:NL-BE;mso-fareast-language:NL-BE; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'><\/span> ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {&quot;citationID&quot;:&quot;AU4MMzez&quot;&#x002C;&quot;properties&quot;:{&quot;formattedCitation&quot;:&quot;\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\super 6\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\osupersub{}&quot;&#x002C;&quot;plainCitation&quot;:&quot;6&quot;&#x002C;&quot;noteIndex&quot;:0}&#x002C;&quot;citationItems&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:265&#x002C;&quot;uris&quot;:[&quot;https:\/\/zotero.org\/users\/local\/DTrOoUEd\/items\/MC4UZICB&quot;]&#x002C;&quot;itemData&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:265&#x002C;&quot;type&quot;:&quot;article-journal&quot;&#x002C;&quot;abstract&quot;:&quot;In this review we summarize the impact of bolus versus daily dosing of vitamin D on 25(OH)D and 1&#x002C;25(OH)2D levels&#x002C; as well as on key countervailing factors that block vitamin D functions at the cellular level. Further&#x002C; we discuss the role of bolus versus daily dosing of vitamin D for several health outcomes&#x002C; including respiratory infections and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019)&#x002C; rickets&#x002C; falls and fractures&#x002C; any cancer&#x002C; and cancer\u2010related mortality. This discussion appears timely because bolus doses continue to be tested for various disease outcomes despite a growing amount of evidence suggesting lack of efficacy or even detrimental effects of bolus dosing of vitamin D for outcomes where daily dosing at modest levels was effective in the vitamin D deficient. As a result&#x002C; these discordant results may bias health recommendations for vitamin D if the recommendations are based on meta\u2010analyses combining both daily and bolus dosing trials. \u00a9 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.&quot;&#x002C;&quot;container-title&quot;:&quot;JBMR Plus&quot;&#x002C;&quot;DOI&quot;:&quot;10.1002\/jbm4.10567&quot;&#x002C;&quot;ISSN&quot;:&quot;2473-4039&quot;&#x002C;&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;12&quot;&#x002C;&quot;journalAbbreviation&quot;:&quot;JBMR Plus&quot;&#x002C;&quot;note&quot;:&quot;PMID: 34950828\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\PMCID: PMC8674779&quot;&#x002C;&quot;page&quot;:&quot;e10567&quot;&#x002C;&quot;source&quot;:&quot;PubMed Central&quot;&#x002C;&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Vitamin D: Bolus Is Bogus\u2014A Narrative Review&quot;&#x002C;&quot;title-short&quot;:&quot;Vitamin D&quot;&#x002C;&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;5&quot;&#x002C;&quot;author&quot;:[{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Mazess&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Richard B.&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Bischoff\u2010Ferrari&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Heike A.&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Dawson\u2010Hughes&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Bess&quot;}]&#x002C;&quot;issued&quot;:{&quot;date-parts&quot;:[[&quot;2021&quot;&#x002C;10&#x002C;30]]}}}]&#x002C;&quot;schema&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/github.com\/citation-style-language\/schema\/raw\/master\/csl-citation.json&quot;} <span style='mso-element:field-separator'><\/span><\/span><![endif]--><span class='folia-referentie-nummer'><sup>6<\/sup><\/span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='font-size:12.0pt; font-family:'Calibri'&#x002C;sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;color:black; mso-ansi-language:NL-BE;mso-fareast-language:NL-BE;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-end'><\/span><\/span><![endif]--> suggereerde dat het gebrek aan evidentie voor een positieve invloed van vitamine D supplementen op gezondheidsuitkomsten gelegen zou kunnen zijn aan het gebruik van een bolusdosering in de plaats van een dagelijkse dosering. Deze hypothese is vooral gebaseerd op twee recente meta-analyses die een reductie vonden in incidentie aan respiratoire infecties bij een dagelijkse vitamine D dosering maar niet bij een bolus dosering<span class='folia-referentie-nummer'><sup>6<\/sup><\/span>. Bijkomend vond de meta-analyse van Keum et al.<!--[if supportFields]><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:'Calibri'&#x002C;sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;mso-ansi-language:NL-BE;mso-fareast-language:NL-BE;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'><\/span> ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {&quot;citationID&quot;:&quot;9HdA5dVI&quot;&#x002C;&quot;properties&quot;:{&quot;formattedCitation&quot;:&quot;\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\super 5\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\osupersub{}&quot;&#x002C;&quot;plainCitation&quot;:&quot;5&quot;&#x002C;&quot;noteIndex&quot;:0}&#x002C;&quot;citationItems&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:145&#x002C;&quot;uris&quot;:[&quot;https:\/\/zotero.org\/users\/local\/DTrOoUEd\/items\/TZJSHR4S&quot;]&#x002C;&quot;itemData&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:145&#x002C;&quot;type&quot;:&quot;article-journal&quot;&#x002C;&quot;abstract&quot;:&quot;In an updated meta-analysis of RCTs&#x002C; vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced total cancer mortality but did not reduce total cancer incidence.&quot;&#x002C;&quot;container-title&quot;:&quot;Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology&quot;&#x002C;&quot;DOI&quot;:&quot;10.1093\/annonc\/mdz059&quot;&#x002C;&quot;ISSN&quot;:&quot;1569-8041&quot;&#x002C;&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;5&quot;&#x002C;&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;&#x002C;&quot;note&quot;:&quot;publisher: Ann Oncol\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\PMID: 30796437&quot;&#x002C;&quot;source&quot;:&quot;pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&quot;&#x002C;&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials&quot;&#x002C;&quot;title-short&quot;:&quot;Vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality&quot;&#x002C;&quot;URL&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30796437\/&quot;&#x002C;&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;30&quot;&#x002C;&quot;author&quot;:[{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Keum&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;N&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Lee&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;D.H&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Greenwood&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;D.C&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Manson&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;J.E&quot;}&#x002C;{&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Giovannucci&quot;&#x002C;&quot;given&quot;:&quot;E&quot;}]&#x002C;&quot;accessed&quot;:{&quot;date-parts&quot;:[[&quot;2022&quot;&#x002C;1&#x002C;27]]}&#x002C;&quot;issued&quot;:{&quot;date-parts&quot;:[[&quot;2019&quot;&#x002C;5&#x002C;1]]}}}]&#x002C;&quot;schema&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/github.com\/citation-style-language\/schema\/raw\/master\/csl-citation.json&quot;} <span style='mso-element:field-separator'><\/span><\/span><\/sup><![endif]--><span class='folia-referentie-nummer'><sup>5<\/sup><\/span><!--[if supportFields]><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt; font-family:'Calibri'&#x002C;sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-ansi-language: NL-BE;mso-fareast-language:NL-BE;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-end'><\/span><\/span><\/sup><![endif]--><sup> <\/sup>&nbsp;een beschermend effect van toediening van vitamine D supplementen op kankermortaliteit&#x002C; maar dit vooral bij studies die dagelijkse dosering gebruikten. Deze hypothese is niet onderbouwd door grote langdurige RCT&rsquo;s.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>80% van de placebopopulatie had een vitamine D serum concentratie boven de minimaal aanbevolen concentratie (&gt; 50 nmol\/L). Er zijn enkele kleinschalige observationele studies die suggereren dat de uitgangswaarden bij de Belgische populatie mogelijk lager zijn waardoor extrapolatie naar de Belgische situatie voorzichtig moet gebeuren<span class='folia-referentie-nummer'><sup>7-11<\/sup><\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2> Conclusie<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Deze grootschalige 5 jaar durende RCT concludeert dat er geen beschermende invloed is op de totale mortaliteit bij maandelijkse preventieve inname van een hoge dosis vitamine D bij een gezonde populatie van 60-plussers. Er was ook geen winst in cardiovasculaire mortaliteit en kankermortaliteit.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Inname van vitamine D supplementen wordt aangeraden ter preventie van vitamine D defici&euml;ntie bij risicogroepen zoals bijvoorbeeld zuigelingen&#x002C; kleuters en zwangere vrouwen met donkere huidskleur of ge&iuml;nstitutionaliseerde ouderen (<a href='https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/chapters\/15?frag=13664'>Zie Repertorium 14.2.1.2.<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Op basis van deze en andere gerandomiseerde studies zijn er voorlopig geen argumenten om suppletie van vitamine D&nbsp; buiten de risicogroepen aan te bevelen.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2> Bronnen<\/h2>\n<p><span class='folia-referentie-tekst'><span class='folia-referentie-nummer'>1&nbsp;<\/span>Kristin K D&#x002C; Donald L. T&#x002C; Candace S J. Vitamin D signalling pathways in cancer: potential for anticancer therapeutics. <i>Nature reviews Cancer<\/i>. 2007;7(9). doi:10.1038\/nrc2196<br \/> <span class='folia-referentie-nummer'>2&nbsp;<\/span>Neale RE&#x002C; Baxter C&#x002C; Romero BD&#x002C; et al. The D-Health Trial: a randomised controlled trial of the effect of vitamin D on mortality. <i>The Lancet Diabetes &amp; Endocrinology<\/i>. 2022;10(2):120-128. doi:10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00345-4<br \/> <span class='folia-referentie-nummer'>3<\/span>&nbsp;Manson JE&#x002C; Cook NR&#x002C; Lee IM&#x002C; et al. Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease. <i>New England Journal of Medicine<\/i>. 2019;380(1):33-44. doi:10.1056\/NEJMoa1809944<br \/> <span class='folia-referentie-nummer'>4<\/span>&nbsp;Zhang Y&#x002C; Fang F&#x002C; Tang J&#x002C; et al. Association between vitamin D supplementation and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. <i>BMJ<\/i>. 2019;366. doi:10.1136\/bmj.l4673<br \/> <span class='folia-referentie-nummer'>5<\/span>&nbsp;Keum N&#x002C; Lee DH&#x002C; Greenwood DC&#x002C; Manson JE&#x002C; Giovannucci E. Vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. <i>Annals of oncology\u202f: official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology<\/i>. 2019;30(5). doi:10.1093\/annonc\/mdz059<br \/> <span class='folia-referentie-nummer'>6<\/span>&nbsp;Mazess RB&#x002C; Bischoff\u2010Ferrari HA&#x002C; Dawson\u2010Hughes B. Vitamin D: Bolus Is Bogus&mdash;A Narrative Review. <i>JBMR Plus<\/i>. 2021;5(12):e10567. doi:10.1002\/jbm4.10567<br \/> <span class='folia-referentie-nummer'>7<\/span>&nbsp;Vaes B&#x002C; Pasquet A&#x002C; Wallemacq P&#x002C; et al. The BELFRAIL (BFC80+) study: a population-based prospective cohort study of the very elderly in Belgium. <i>BMC Geriatr<\/i>. 2010;10:39. doi:10.1186\/1471-2318-10-39<br \/> <span class='folia-referentie-nummer'>8<\/span>&nbsp;Pottelbergh GV&#x002C; Mathe&iuml; C&#x002C; Vaes B&#x002C; Adriaensen W&#x002C; Degryse J. Vitamine D-tekort bij ouderen. :4.<br \/> <span class='folia-referentie-nummer'>9<\/span>&nbsp;Richart T&#x002C; Thijs L&#x002C; Nawrot T&#x002C; et al. The metabolic syndrome and carotid intima-media thickness in relation to the parathyroid hormone to 25-OH-D(3) ratio in a general population. <i>Am J Hypertens<\/i>. 2011;24(1):102-109. doi:10.1038\/ajh.2010.124<br \/> <span class='folia-referentie-nummer'>10<\/span>&nbsp;Moreno-Reyes R&#x002C; Carpentier YA&#x002C; Boelaert M&#x002C; et al. Vitamin D deficiency and hyperparathyroidism in relation to ethnicity: a cross-sectional survey in healthy adults. <i>Eur J Nutr<\/i>. 2009;48(1):31-37. doi:10.1007\/s00394-008-0756-1<br \/> <span class='folia-referentie-nummer'>11&nbsp;<\/span>MacFarlane GD&#x002C; Sackrison JL&#x002C; Body JJ&#x002C; Ersfeld DL&#x002C; Fenske JS&#x002C; Miller AB. Hypovitaminosis D in a normal&#x002C; apparently healthy urban European population. <i>J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol<\/i>. 2004;89-90(1-5):621-622. doi:10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2004.03.042<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kernboodschap De D-Health trial is een grootschalige RCT die toont  [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,42],"tags":[20213,20224],"class_list":["post-175406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nieuw","category-2022-nl","tag-import_tags","tag-import_tags-nl"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175406","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=175406"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175406\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":177988,"href":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175406\/revisions\/177988"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=175406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=175406"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bcfi.be\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=175406"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}